Phosphine Oxide Containing Poly(pyridinium salt)s as Fire Retardant Materials

Fire-retardant Treatments for Wood

Effects of Fire Retardant on Water Quality1

Ammonium-based fire retardants are important in managing wildfires, but their use can adversely affect water quality. Their entry, fate, and impact were studied in five forest streams. Initial retardant concentrations in water approached levels which could damage fish, but no distressed fish were found. Concentrations decreased sharply with time after application and distance downstream, and th...

The optimum level of nano-wollastonite consumption as fire-retardant in poplar wood (Populus nigra)

Fire-retarding properties of wollastonite nanofibers in poplar wood (Populus nigra) were studied here. Some physical properties such as water absorption, volumetric swelling and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) were also measured. Specimens were prepared according to the ISO 11925 specifications for the fire-retarding properties and according to the ASTM D4446 -2002 specifications for th...

The optimum level of nano-wollastonite consumption as fire-retardant in poplar wood (Populus nigra)

Fire-retarding properties of wollastonite nanofibers in poplar wood (Populus nigra) were studied here. Some physical properties such as water absorption, volumetric swelling and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) were also measured. Specimens were prepared according to the ISO 11925 specifications for the fire-retarding properties and according to the ASTM D4446 -2002 specifications for th...

Determination of Chemical Homogeneity of Fire Retardant Polymeric Nanocomposite Materials by Near-Infrared Multispectral Imaging Microscopy